Learn Government and Politics Vocabulary
Get ready to speak about government and politics, political systems of different countries and discuss political life.
Note:
Policy – is a set of ideas or plans that is used as a basis for making decisions, especially in politics, economics or business.
Politics – are the actions or activities which people use to achieve power in a country, society or organization.
nation – нація
Our nation is one of the oldest in the world.
citizen – громадянин
Are you a citizen of Ukraine?
citizenship – громадянство
A passport confirms your citizenship.
statistics – статистика
Statistics gives you the exact facts and figures.
census – перепис населення
Census is the official numbering of the population.
public opinion – громадська думка
Public opinion is rather important for many people.
public figure – громадський діяч / діячка
My friend has always been a well-known public figure.
right – право
Jane’s organization defends the rights of old people.
equality – рівність
All the people should have equality before the law.
inequality – нерівність
In some countries people are still fighting against racial inequality.
justice – правосуддя
The public wanted to put their acts to justice.
government – уряд
Government is usually blamed for unstable situation in the country.
legislative branch – законодавча гілка влади
bill – законопроєкт
The legislative branch introduces the bills.
to make laws – приймати закони
Verkhovna Rada makes laws in Ukraine.
executive branch – виконавча гілка влади
bureaucracy – бюрократія; система державного управління
Executive branch of our country manages the bureaucracy.
judicial system – судова система
court – суд
The judicial system consists of different courts.
the Constitution – Конституція
The Constitution defends human rights.
democracy – демократія
Democracy is a system of government where the citizens exercise power by voting.
dictatorship – диктатура
A dictatorship is a type of government where a single person or party has absolute power.
monarchy – монархія
The United Kingdom is a constitutional or parliamentary monarchy.
Head of the state – голова держави
Officially Head of the state in the UK is Queen Elizabeth II.
President – президент
The President signed the law.
the Queen – королева
Elizabeth II is the Queen of the United Kingdom.
the King – король
the Parliament – парламент
She was elected to the Parliament.
the Cabinet of Ministers – Кабінет Міністрів
The most impotant ministers of the government (about twenty) form the Cabinet of Ministers.
the Prime Minister – прем’єр-міністр
The Prime Minister appoints the ministers to compose the government.
to appoint – призначити (на посаду)
He has been appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
politics – політика
I hate talking about politics! Let’s change the subject.
politician – політик
I am studying international relations and want to become a politician.
political party – політична партия
There are several influential political parties in our country.
leader – лідер
My brother is the leader of the civil-rights movement.
the Opposition – Оппозиція
The Opposition is likely to increase.
elections – вибори
Who will take part in the upcoming elections?
to elect – обирати
Who elects the mayor of a city?
to vote (for) – голосувати (за)
This time I am going to vote for another party.
power – влада
Many people struggle for power.
Government – Уряд
autonomy – автономія
They will require autonomy at later stages.
aristocracy – аристократія
He was popular with the aristocracy.
baron – барон
The baron lived in a castle.
duke – герцог
Henry, the Duke of Richmond, made war upon him and defeated him in a great battle
earl – граф
The sandwich is named after its supposed inventor, John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich.
dictator – диктатор
We’re not interested in negotiating with dictators.
chancellor – канцлер
Chancellor is the title of the head of government in Germany and Austria.
colony – колонія
In 1947 Britain lost control of India, the colony that British prime minister Disraeli had once called the ‘jewel in the crown of England’.
constitutional monarchy – конституційна монархія
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.
oligarchy – олигархія
The real power in U.S. political parties flows as money from the corporate oligarchy to a party oligarchy.
marquis – маркіз
Paulina is now faced with having to marry the marquis.
the House of Lords – Палата Лордів
the House of Commons – Палата Громад
British Parliament consists of two chambers, or houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
parliamentary democracy – парламентська демократія
political system – політична система
What do you know about the political system of the USA?
autocracy – автократія; самодержавство
We are at risk of becoming an autocracy in three key respects.
senator – сенатор
She was first introduced as one of nine female Democrat senators.
speaker – спікер
tyranny – тиранія
The first 45 years since Independence were marked by terror and tyranny.
to reign – царювати
The Queen reigns but she doesn’t rule.
International Politics – Межнародна політика
Are you interested in international politics?
foreign policy – зовнішня політика
Foreign policy is a government’s strategy in dealing with other nations.
the European Union (EU) – Європейський Союз
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe.
international aid – межнародна допомога
International aid is money, materials, and services given or loaned by governments, organizations, and individuals in rich countries to help people in poor countries.
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) – Організація Північноатлантичного договору (НАТО)
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.
ambassador – посол
Now he is going to be the ambassador to a newly opened diplomatic station in the Dominican Republic.
embassy – посольство
Officials at the Egyptian embassy in London were not available for comment yesterday.
representative – представник
He is the representative of Ukraine at this international conference.
General Notions – Загальні поняття
activist – активіст
Activists took part in political protests.
charity – благодійність
They collected money for charity.
veto – вето
The president can veto a bill from Congress.
capital punishment – смертна кара
He could have been sentenced to death, but his prosecutors didn’t seek capital punishment .
demonstration – демонстрація
Nearly 50 protesters staged a demonstration before the meeting.
discrimination – дискриминація
They are the victims of racial discrimination.
legislature – законодавча влада
It is expected that the draft law will be voted on by the legislature at the end of April.
to seize the power – захопити владу
The opposition is trying by every possible means to seize the power.
defendant – обвинувачений
A defendant is a person accused of committing a crime.
power abuse – зловживання владою
Abuse of power can mean a person using the power for his own personal gain.
independence – незалежність
The Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine was adopted by the Ukrainian parliament on 24 August 1991.
public pressure – тиск громадськості
In some developed countries, public pressure is already forcing promotion of the production of environmentally friendly goods.
prejudice – упередження; завдавати шкоди
English people prejudice against foreigners. This could prejudice his chances of victory in the November election
referendum – референдум
A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal.
freedom of speech – свобода слова
Protecting freedom of speech means protecting a free press, the democratic process and diversity of thought.
welfare benefits – соціальні виплати
The unemployed, the elderly, people with disabilities are provided with welfare benefits.
conviction – переконання
The President should move with resolve and conviction.
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